Absolute Rubbish.

Biochem II

Regulation of Enzyme modification: Why? To prevent futile cycle. Eg: Fatty acid to acetyl CoA.

Level of Enzyme modification: Gene -> mRNA -> Enzyme -> Functional Enzyme which is split into Active/Inactive enzyme and degraded enzyme. Process via transcription, translation, covalent modification, non-covalent modification and degradation respectively.

Coarse control: For Transcription, translation and degradation. Controls AMOUNT of enzyme.

Fine control: For Covalent and non-covalent modification. Controls RATE of enzyme reaction.

Covalent modification is split into irreversible and reversible.

Irreversible example: Pancreatic Proteases.

6 types of reversible:

1. Phosphoylation
   
2. Adenylylation
   
3. Urdinylylation
4. Methylation
5. Disulphide Reduction
6. ADP-riboylation

Phosphoylation/ dephosphorylation: Adding and removal of phosphate group.
Examples: Pyruvate Dehydrogenase and (can't rmb LOL)

PD:
Components
E1 - TPP, E2 - lipoic acid; CoASH, E3 - FAD, NAD+, R1, R2.

High ATP, acetyl CoA and NADH
- ATP -> Increase phosphorylation -> Active PD to inactive form
- acetyl CoA -> Increase activty of R1 -> Increase phosphorylation -> Active PD to inactive form and also inhibit E2's activity
- NADH -> Increase activty of R1 -> Increase phosphorylation -> Active PD to inactive form

Low ATP, High CoASH and NAD+
- Opposite of above.

o.0!! Useless thought of the day: I still miss you...